Apparatus for the manufacture of mixed gas



Aug. 21, 1928. 1,681,313

M. W. TRAVERS ET AL APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MIXED GAS bri ina Filed June 12, 1924 Inventors, 1

:MORRIS WILLIAM TRAVERS FRANK WILLIAM CLARK By their attorneys,

Patented Aug. 21, 1928.

. ITED STATES.

PATENT orr ca.

atoms WILLIAMTBAVERS, or LonnoN, ANDjFn NK, ILLIAM CL R or LYMM, memo, assrquoas 'ro REGENERATIVE COAL easrrxca' imn SYSTEM, LIMITED,

or MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE or'm xnn GAS.

Original application The invention relates to the manufacture of gas by a process which comprises the following two periods In one period, air is blown into the bottom of the apparatus and coke contained in the lower part or gasification chamber of the apparatus and produced by the carbonization of coal or like material in the upper part or carbonization chamber is thus heated as in the usual procedure during the blow period of water gas manufacture, the blow gas passing through the coke and out through orifices in the walls of the apparatus between the gasification and carbonization chambers; when the temperature of the coke hasbeen sufliciently raised the air is cut off, and in the other stage steam is admitted to the bottom of the gasification chamber orit may be forshort periods to the top ofthe gasificationcham'ber, and during the frun the water gas produced in the gasification chamber is allowed to travel through the coal in the carbonization chamber. Such a process yields gas of the nature of towns gas and containing only a small proportion of nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Gas which a is referred to as towns gas is a gas which has a calorific value at least equal to that of water gas, or 300 B. t. u. per cubic foot and contains noncombustible constituents to the amount of about 10%. a

This invention relates to a plant by which such a process may be carried into efiect,

This application is adivision of our application -Ser. No. 719,585, filed June 12, 1924, Patent No. 1,587,564.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing, which is a diagrammatic view in elevationof a plant for carrying out the process of the above mentioned divisional patent with theaddition of a carburetting or enriching chamber. In this diagram A is the carbonization chamber and B the gasification chamber. C is a passage through which the airblow gases pass from B to the bottom of a regenerator D filled with brick chequerwork and provided with a stack valve S and a secondary air inlet V. and Y are valves for admitting air and filed-June 12, 1924, Serial No. 719,585, and. in Great Britain June 29, 1923. Divided and this application filed February 12, 1926. Serial No. 87,862.

steam respectively beneath the chamber B. During the steam run mixed water gas and coal gas passes from the top ofchamber A through a scrubber K and condenser L past a valve R through the main H to the outlet F from the plant. From the main H at a convenient point between the outlets of the valves R and P, a pipe leads to a circulator G adapted to force, some of the gas from the main past a valve Q to the top of the regenerator D. All theseparts are for carrying out the process of our above mentioned divisional patent. E is the enriching chamber which, likethe regenerator, is filled with brick chequerwork and communicates by a: passage Z with the regenerator D. In the .bottom of the chamber E is a secondary air inletY by which air' can be introduced to complete the combustion of the air blow gas as it passes up from the chamber E tothe stack valve T. X is a sprayer by which oil can be introduced into the chamber E from the top of which a pipe N leads to a wash box M from which the enriched gas issues to a cooler O and so through a valve P to a point in theymain between the intake of the circulator Gr and the gas holder. 1

In operating the plant the valves P, Q and R, are first closed, the stack valves S and T and the air-blast valve U are opened and air is blown into the carbonized fuel in B till the temperature is raised sufficiently for the production of water gas by subsequent steaming. During this operation the blow gas, containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, passes through the channel C and is distributed through the heated chambers D and E in proportions which can be regulated byrestricting the openings of S and T. Secondary air may be admitted at W and Y. Thus the temperatures to which .the heated-chambers D and E are raised during the blow period vcan be controlled andregulated. I

1 At the end of the blow period the secondary air iscut oil at W and Y and the air blast valve U is closed. The steam valve V is opened, the stack valves S and T are closed, and the valves P and R are opened. The circulator G is set in motion, the valve Q, is opened, and oil is sprayed into E by the sprayer X. The water gas generated in B passes upwards through the coal in A, and with the gas produced by the distillation of the coal passes through the scrubber K and the condenser L to the main H. Some of this gas is forced by the circulator G to the top of the regenerator D, and passes through it, being heated in the process. The stream of gas divides at the bottom of the regenerator. Part of it enters the bot-tom of the carbonization chamber A through the channel C and part of it passes through the channel Z into the bottom of the carburettor E and flows upwards together with the sprayed oil, which, in contact with the hot brick work, and by the action of the hydrogen in the gas, is converted into permanent hydrocarbon gas. The enriched gas passes through the pipe N, the wash box M, the coolerO and the valve P to the main H, and as the quantity of gas passing the valve P can be controlled, the quantity of gas entering the carburettor E is also under control.

As during the gasiticatioii period there is a continuous flow of gas from left to right in the diagram along the main H the enriched gas cannot travel in the contrary di rection, and the gas taken in by the circulator consists only 01"- coal gas diluted with water gas. Only gas of this character is used for the regenerative heating of the coal in the carbonization chamber, and the enriched gas is subjected only to the temperature Which is maintained in the carburettor, and not to the higher temperature which it may benecessary to maintain at the bottom of the carbonization chamber in order to work this part of the plant at its maximum etliciency. Further the quantity of gas circulated is quite independent of the quantity of gas passing through the, carburettor.

What we claim is 1. In a plant for making gas from carbonaceous material, the combination of a carbonization chamber, a gasification chamber, means for supplying. air and steam alternately to the latter chamber to produce blow gases and water gas respectively, a regenerator, and a separate gas enriching chamber. both the regcnerator and the enriching chamber being adapted to be heated by the blow gases, means for passing during the steam run some of the water gas through the regenerator, means for delivering some of the gas which has passed through the regenerator directly to the bottom of the carbonization chamber, means for delivering the remainder of such gas to the enriching chamber. and means for spraying oil to the last mentioned chamber.

2. In a plant for making gas from carbonaceous material, the combination of a carbonization chamber, a gasification chamber beneath and in communicationwith the bottom of the carbonization chamber, means for supplying air and gas alternately to the bottom of the gasification chamber, a regenerator in communication with the top of the gasification chamber and with the bottom of the carbonization chamber, a separate gas enriching chamber in open communication with the regcnerator means for spraying oil into the enriching chamber, and means, for forcing some of the gas issuing from the top of the carbonization chamber through the regenerator and into the bottom of the carbonization chamber.

3. In a plant for making gas from carbonaceous material, the combination with a carbonization chamber and a gasification chamber, means for supplying air and steam alternately to the latter chamber, a regenerator, a separate gas enriching chamber, one end of the regenerator communicating with one end of the carbonization chamber and the other end of the regenerator communieating with the other end of the carbonization chamber, and with one end of the enriching chamber, an outlet from the other end of the enriching chamber, and means for forcing some of the gas issuing from the top of the carbonization chamber through the regenerator and into the bottom of the carbonization chamber.

4. In a plant for making gas from carbonaceous material, the combination with a carbonization chamber of a gasification chamber, means for supplying air and steam alternately to the latter chamber, a main in communication with a carbonization chamber, a regenerator, a separate gas enriching chamber, one end of the regenerator communicating with said main and the other end of the regenerator communicating with one end of the carbonization chamber and with one end of the enriching chamber, means for placing theother end of the enriching chamber in communication with said main at a point nearer the gas outlet from the plant than the junction of the regenerator with the main. and means for forcing some of the gas issuing from the top of the carbonization chamber through the regenerator and into the bottom of the carbonization chamber. I

5. In a plant for making gas from carbonaceous material, the combination of a carbonization chamber, and a gasification chamber means for supplying air and steam alternately to the latter to produce blow gas and water gas respectively, a regenerator, a separate gas enriching chamber, both the regenerator and the enriching chamber being in open communication with the bottom of the carbonization chamber and adapted to be heated by the blow gas, means for controlling the flow of the blow gas through the regenerator and enriching chamber, means for supplying secondary air to the regenerator and enriching chamber, and means for forcing some of the gas issuing from the top of the carbonization chamber through the regenerator and into the bottom of the earbonization chamber.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing 10 as our invention we have signed our names this 11th day of November, 1925.

MORRIS WILLIAM TRAVERS. FRANK WVILLIAM CLARK. 

